“On … hand l-carnitine , in association with the mitochondrial cardiolipins, … due to continued prescription of drugs [ AZT (zidovudine), ddl (didanoside), or ddC (zalcitabine)], and the redox couple of α-lipoic-dihydrolipoic acid prevents … of the reactive oxygen species that trigger apoptosis of infected cells, with sphingomyelin breakdown to ceramides.”