Possible Interaction: Vitamin E and Phosphatidylethanolamine

“The fact that alpha-tocopherol does not distribute randomly throughout bilayers of phospholipid and tends to form nonbilayer complexes with phosphatidylethanolamines would be expected to reduce the efficiency of the vitamin in its action as a lipid antioxidant and to destabilise rather than stabilise membranes.”

“ alpha-Tocopherol preferentially forms complexes with phosphatidylethanolamines rather than phosphatidylcholines, and such complexes more readily form nonlamellar structures.”

“The protective effect of α-tocopherol could be more effective in PE because more polyunsaturated fatty acids were present.”

“There was a positive relationship between the concentrations of α-tocopherol and each hydroperoxide of PC and PE , and this association was particularly strong in PE (P≤0.0001).”

“ Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylserine (PS) have been shown to increase the antioxidant activity of α-tocopherol.”

“PC and PE protected chlorophyll from degradation, but they accelerated the degradation of α-tocopherol under singlet oxygen.”

“ α-Tocopherol significantly lowered POV and headspace oxygen consumption of canola oil under singlet oxygen, and its antioxidant activity was increased by the co-presence of PC and PE.”

“On the contrary, unsaturated PE showed synergistic antioxidant effect with alpha-tocopherol , while PC had little effect.”

“Partitioning of alpha-tocopherol into phosphatidylethanolamine domains in membranes may introduce instability into the structure.”