Possible Interaction: Vitamin E and Hydroxytyrosol

“While vitamin E was ineffective, the rate of formation of superoxide in the presence of HT and OE was greatly reduced.”

“The endogenous depletion of alpha-tocopherol and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 PUFAs) was also inhibited by supplementing hydroxytyrosol in minced muscle; however, the consumption of the endogenous total glutathione was not efficiently reduced by either hydroxytyrosol or propyl gallate.”

“In matrices spiked with mixtures of hydroxytyrosol and alpha-tocopherol , a simple relationship between the coefficients a and b and the concentration of antioxidants cannot be established because additive and subtractive effects occur depending on the relative concentrations of both antioxidants.”

“Concentrations of tyrosol >0.3 mmol/kg increase the induction time by 3 h. The …-tocopherol showed opposite effects depending on the relative concentrations of both antioxidants; so, at hydroxytyrosol concentrations <0.2 … addition of alpha-tocopherol increased the induction time, whereas at …, the alpha-tocopherol diminished the stability.”

“In oil, the antioxidant activity of hydroxytyrosol acetate was much higher than that of alpha-tocopherol or oleuropein, but in an emulsion 3,4-DHPEA-EA and alpha-tocopherol were more effective as antioxidants than hydroxytyrosol acetate.”