Possible Interaction: Vitamin E and Astaxanthin

“The antioxidant activity of astaxanthin is 10 times higher than zeaxanthin, lutein, canthaxanthin, β-carotene and 100 times higher than α-tocopherol.”

“ ASX cooperatively and synergistically interacts with other antioxidants such as α-tocopherol , ascorbic acid, and glutathione located in the lipophilic hydrophobic compartments of fish tissue.”

“These results indicate that dietary astaxanthin in combination with alpha-tocopherol has an inhibitory effect on oxidative stress.”

“The alpha-tocopherol concentrations in the plasma, liver, and kidney in the astaxanthin and mix groups were significantly higher, 3-9 times, than in the control group.”

“ Seminal plasma alpha-tocopherol levels increased significantly in fish supplemented with alpha-tocopherol alone or in combination with blueberry or astaxanthin.”

“The antioxidant synergism of vitamin E and Ax was supported by their ability to reduce malondialdehyde formation in an in vitro stimulation of microsomal lipid peroxidation and to reduce plasma levels of 8-isoprostane.”

“The inhibitory effect of astaxanthin on mitochondrial lipid peroxidation is stronger than that of alpha-tocopherol.”

“Furthermore, liposomes co-encapsulating Asx and vitamin E derivatives , namely tocotrienols (T3), showed a synergistic elimination effect on singlet oxygen and hydroxyl radical, although the antioxidative activity of liposomes co-encapsulating Asx and α-T was lower than the calculated additive value of each independent activity.”

“A combination of astaxanthin and vitamin E would be expected to show an additive anntioxidative effect.”