Possible Interaction: Vitamin D and Leptin

“The concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D was about two-fold lower, while leptin approximately 2.5-fold higher in patients than in the controls.”

“In addition, vitamin D affects directly the expression of the appetite regulating hormone, leptin.”

“… vitamin D affects … leptin levels and affect eating behavior.—Kaneko, I., Sabir, M. S., Dussik, C. M., Whitfield, G. K., Karrys, A., Hseih, J.‐C., Haussler, M. … expression of the tryptophan hydroxylase 2 and leptin genes: implication for behavioral influences of vitamin D. FASEB J. 29, 4023‐4035 (2015).”

“Although the findings support the inverse association between leptin and vitamin D and highlight the desirable effects of lifestyle interventions on reducing leptinemia, the methodology and study design are in need of further clarifications.”

“Furthermore, co-treatment with leptin and vitamin D3 metabolites promoted ALP activity compared with either alone.”

“In addition, leptin downregulated CYP24A1 and upregulated CYP27B1, CYP27A1 and VDR, which play vital roles in vitamin D metabolism.”

“Pregnant women with 25(OH)D <50 nmol/l at baseline presented significantly higher leptin concentrations than those with 25(OH)D levels ≥50 nmol/l (β=−0·253; 95 % CI −0·044, 0·550; P=0·095).”

“For each immune mediator, the … was a negative association between 25(OH)D (… leptin (RC (95% confidence interval (CI)), 0.98 (0.96; 1.00)), and a positive association between 25(OH)…: CXCL8 and leptin have significant associations with levels of 25(OH)D in the newly diagnosed cohort.”

“Considering all the patients, there ocurred a significant negative correlation between 25(OH)D3 and SBP, BMI, WHR, TG, leptin and L/A ratio and positive ones between 25(OH)D3 and both adiponectin and HDL.”

“Irrespective of sex, plasma leptin concentration decreased across increasing quartiles of 25(OH)D3 level.”

“Current evidence indicates that inverse association between leptin level and 25(OH)D concentration was observed in observational studies, which was not demonstrated in intervention studies with high heterogeneity.”

“Raising 25(OH)D was associated with significant increase in leptin level (PMD=4.60 ng/ml, 95% CI, 0.55–8.66, P=0.026) with significant heterogeneity (P<0.001; I2=96.4%).”

“Results of observational studies showed an inverse association between leptin and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) (Fisher’s Z=−0.93, 95% CI: −0.95, −0.91).”

“There was a negative correlation between vitamin D level and leptin and resistin (r = −.61, P < .01), while a positive association with adiponectin concentrations was found (r = .7, P < .001).”