“These studies have indicated … antioxidant effects, plant polyphenols (… vasodilating factors [nitric oxide (NO), endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF) and prostacyclin] and inhibit the synthesis of vasoconstrictor endothelin-1 in endothelial … major pro-angiogenic factors, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) in smooth muscle cells.”