Possible Interaction: Tyrosine and Sphingosine 1-Phosphate

“The study also indicated that these changes … mediated through leptin signal transduction as S1P injection resulted in a …-dependent increase in tyrosine phosphorylation of both Janus kinase 2 (Jak2) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), signalling of which controls anorexigenic and thermogenic signalling in the hypothalamus.”

“ S1P induced the recruitment of over 20 cell … raft proteins exhibiting increasing levels of tyrosine phosphorylation including known barrier-regulatory proteins such as focal adhesion kinase (FAK), cortactin, p85alpha phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (p85alphaPI3K), myosin light chain kinase (nmMLCK), filamin A/C, and the non-receptor tyrosine kinase, c-Abl.”

“These results suggest that S1P induces both the tyrosine phosphorylation and recruitment of key actin cytoskeletal proteins to membrane rafts, resulting in enhanced human EC barrier function.”

“ S1P also induces a rapid increase in cortactin tyrosine phosphorylation (within 30 s) critical to subsequent barrier enhancement, since EC transfected with a tyrosine-deficient mutant cortactin exhibit a blunted TER response.”

“ Sph-1-P stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of Cas, which was inhibited by the G(i) inactivator pertussis toxin but not by the Rho inactivator C3 exoenzyme or the Rho kinase inhibitor Y-27632.”

“ Sph-1-P induced FAK tyrosine phosphorylation, myosin light chain phosphorylation, and the formation of stress fibers in HUVECs.”

“ S1P induces a rapid increase in tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK).”

“ SPP rapidly increased tyrosine phosphorylation of FAK and paxillin and of the paxillin-associated protein Crk.”

“We now report that S1P treatment of bovine aortic endothelial cells acutely increases the tyrosine phosphorylation of Flk-1/KDR, similar to VEGF treatment.”

“ SPP was found to strongly induce tyrosine phosphorylation of Crk, but not Shc, in NIH-3T3 parental, insulin-like growth factor-I receptor-overexpressing and Crk-overexpressing (3T3-Crk) fibroblasts.”