“Furthermore, we propose a role for Msx-1 in retinoic acid-induced cleft palate, since retinoic acid inhibits Msx-1 mRNA expression in palate mesenchymal cells.”
“These data suggest a mechanistic interaction between retinoic acid , transforming growth factor beta, and Msx-1 in the etiology of retinoic acid-induced cleft palate.”