Possible Interaction: Sodium Thiosulfate and Alpha-Ketoglutarate

“A maximum … observed when A-KG at 1.0 g kg(-1) after 2 hr and 0.5 g kg(-1) … following the pre-treatment of SN (0.025 g kg(-1); subcutaneous;-45 min), STS (1.0 g kg(-1); intraperitoneal; -15 … g kg(-1); oral; -10 min).”

“Similar protection was also conferred by repeating 0.5 g kg(-1) each of A-KG and STS 2 hr after pre-treatment of SN, STS and A-KG.”

“…)A-KG …) STS , followed by 2.0 g kg(-1) A-KG after 2 hr was noteworthy The results indicate that repeated treatment of A-KG … of A-KG, SN and STS have immense potential in challenging extremely high doses of cyanide as compared to the antidotes given once.”

“A 10 min pre-treatment of alpha-KG increased the LD(50) of KCN 7.6-fold, which was further increased to 25.6-fold by the addition of both SN and STS.”

“Addition of STS significantly enhanced the protective efficacy of alpha-KG at all the doses and time intervals.”

“KCN (0.75 LD50) inhibited rat brain cytochrome oxidase, which was significantly protected by pretreatment or simultaneous treatment with a-KG and STS.”

“Furthermore, combined administration of AKG and STS increased the LD50 6.9-fold.”

“In addition, the increase in blood cyanide levels induced by injection of 50 mg SNP/kg was markedly inhibited by a combination of AKG and STS or (to a lesser extent) by STS alone.”

“These results suggest that the combined administration of AKG and STS , by preventing the increase in blood cyanide levels induced by SNP, may afford protection against the toxic effects of SNP.”

“The combined administration of alpha-ketoglutarate and sodium thiosulfate completely abolished the decrease of GABA levels induced by cyanide.”

“The increased calcium levels were completely abolished by the combined administration of alpha-ketoglutarate and sodium thiosulfate , but not affected by sodium thiosulfate alone.”