“ Chemopreventive agents may act by blocking carcinogen activation, inducing carcinogen metabolism (such as the action of oltipraz on aflatoxin), altering intracellular signaling pathways … [COX-2]).9 Numerous compounds in animal models exhibit chemopreventive effects, including phytochemicals (i.e., curcumin, resveratrol, epigallocatechin gallate, caffeine, silymarin , silibinin, genistein),9 …, S-adenosylmethionine.”