“In vitro cell viability assay demonstrated that rutin alone had generally low cytotoxic effect, but it enhanced the efficacy of TMZ in a dose-dependent manner.”
“Moreover, immunoblotting analysis showed that TMZ activated JNK activity to induce protective response autophagy, which was blocked by rutin , resulting in decreased autophagy and increased apoptosis, suggesting that rutin enhances TMZ efficacy both in vitro and in vivo via inhibiting JNK-mediated autophagy in GBM.”
“The combination rutin with TMZ may be a potentially useful therapeutic approach for GBM patient.”