Possible Interaction: Penicillins and Glutamic Acid

“The pigment inhibition activity of glutamic acid but not of casein hydrolysate was effectively neutralized by penicillin and bacitracin.”

“THE work of Gale1 points to the possibility that penicillin may act by depriving sensitive organisms of glutamic acid , which is probably essential to their life.”

“When … in penicillin , the assimilatory processes … result that glutamic acid and glutamine can no longer be assimilated from the external environment, and, since the internal metabolic processes are not affected, … free glutamic acid within the cell falls until protein synthesis, and consequently growth, can no longer take place5,6.”

“Microdialysis coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to monitor the changes of … by penicillin sodium, or a mixture of penicillin sodium and JuA. The results showed that penicillin … Glu concentration (p < 0.01) and a high dose of … blocked penicillin-induced Glu release (p < 0.05).”

“Insertion of other amino acids, including Glu and Asn, can also lower the rate of acylation by penicillin , but these insertions abolish transpeptidase function.”

“Fatty acid ester surfactants and penicillin also induce l-glutamic acid secretion , even in the presence of biotin.”

“Induction of glutamic acid oversnythesis by addition of penicilline prevents the formation of the cyanide-resistant oxidase.”

“Both categories must cover a host of biochemical phenomena, but, in general, the former group is expected to modify exchange across the … and the latter to interfere directly in one or more metabolic processes including uptake of specific substances, e.g., the interference by penicillin with … of glutamic acid.”

“faecalis increases the steady state concentration of free glutamic acid within the cell, while treatment of the cell with penicillin (Gale & Taylor, 1947) inhibits the passage of glutamic acid into Staph.”

“The addition of penicillin to growing cultures of Staphylococcus aureus produces a progressive impairment of the ability of the … assimilate glutamic acid (Gale and Taylor, 1947), and as the culture is trained to grow in increasing concentrations of penicillin , it is found … assimilation affinity toward glutamic acid steadily decreases (…).”