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“Four weeks of … combination of quinine … papaverine at a dose of 3 X 1 coated tablet per day cause a marked and--as compared with placebo--statistically highly … than 0.01) in cerebral blood flow of patients with a moderate impairment of the terminal vascular system of the brain.”
“Pre-treatment with PAP increased intracellular cAMP and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) levels, restored mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), and decreased ROS and caspase 3/7 content in QUIN exposed neurons.”