Possible Interaction: Nitric Oxide and Proline

“Nitric oxide NO ) seems to be a central molecule due to its ability to modulate both pro and antiapoptotic phenomenon.”

“In the present review, the focus is shifted on the role of … molecules under heat stress emphasizing the different possible interactions between ABA and NO as both regulate stomatal closure and other molecules … hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), antioxidants, proline , glycine betaine, calcium (Ca2+) … heat shock protein (HSP).”

“2) the accumulation of the sucrose and proline was markedly increased in salt stress after application of NO , and peroxidase activities was increased by 107% and 67.7% for Jinyuan85 and Liaojing763, respectively. (”

“These facts indicate that NO enhanced the cold tolerance of tea, which might regulate the metabolism of the GABA shunt and of proline , associated with NO biosynthesis.”

“However, exogenous NO enhanced proline accumulation by increasing proline metabolizing enzyme (Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase) activity and also increased NO, hydrogen sulfide (a gasotransmitter small signaling molecule) and S uptake, and content of S-containing compounds (cysteine and reduced glutathione).”

“The levels of proline and glycine betaine (GB) further increased due to NO application, whereas malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), electrolyte leakage (EL) and methylglyoxal (MG) declined considerably.”

“These results indicated that the chilling tolerance induced by NO treatment might be ascribed to the enhanced catabolism of PAs, GABA and proline.”

“NO scavenging c-PTIO and NOS inhibitor L- NAME decreased but NO donor SNP increased the enzyme activities of CAT and POD, and the content of proline , indicating NO mediated the EBR-induced antioxidant capacity.”

“Furthermore, gaseous NO application also significantly elevated the levels of several antioxidation-associated compounds such as proline , ascorbate, glutathione, total phenolics and flavonoids, as well as the total antioxidant capacity (indicated by DPPH scavenging activity) in NaCl-treated plants.”

“ NO treatment significantly enhanced the accumulation of total phenolics and proline , which resulted from the increased activities of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and Δ¹-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase and decreased proline dehydrogenase activity.”