Possible Interaction: Nitric Oxide and Garlic

“ Aged garlic extract (AGE) contains antioxidant compounds and increases nitric oxide production and decreases the output of inflammatory cytokines from cultured cells.”

“ ARGE treatment markedly reduced LPS-induced NO production and NF-κB nuclear translocation.”

“These results show that ARGE reduces LPS-induced NO production in macrophages through inhibition of NF-κB nuclear translocation and HO-1 activation.”

“We recently demonstrated that aged red garlic extract ARGE ), a new formulation of garlic, decreases nitric oxide ( NO ) generation by upregulating of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in RAW 264.7 cells activated by LPS.”

“The garlic extract also inhibited NO production in peritoneal macrophages, rat hepatocytes, and rat aortic smooth muscle cells stimulated with LPS plus cytokines, but it did not inhibit NO production in iNOS-transfected AKN-1 cells or iNOS enzyme activity.”

“These data demonstrate that garlic extract and SAC, due to their antioxidant activity, differentially regulate NO production by inhibiting iNOS expression in macrophages while increasing NO in endothelial cells.”

“Results: Garlic 14-kDa protein significantly inhibited the excessive production of NO , PGE, TNF-α, and IL-1β in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated J774A.1 macrophages in a concentration-related manner without cytotoxic effect.”

“ Garlic (Allium sativum) used as a folk medicine is reported to stimulate nitric oxide (NO) production.”

“Ingestion of 2 g fresh, but not boiled, garlic was found to increase the basal plasma level of NO from 2.7 +/- 0.1 microM to 8.76 +/- 0.21 microM at 2 and 4 h, respectively.”

“The exposure of neutrophils to garlic in vivo or in vitro, which also stimulated synthesis of NO in these cells, was found to stimulate IFN-alpha synthesis as measured by the stimulation of IFN-alpha mRNA synthesis.”

“Thus, consumption of garlic resulted in stimulated synthesis of NO and, in turn, IFN-alpha in humans, which could be beneficial in viral or proliferative diseases.”

“We conclude that AGE may at least partly prevent a decrease in bioavailable NO and endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor during acute hyperhomocysteinemia.”

“The addition of garlic extracts increased nitric oxide synthase activity in a dose-dependent manner.”

“In addition, the effect of AGE was inhibited by a nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor and a nitric oxide (NO) scavenger.”

“Treatment of infected mice with garlic , ginger, and NTZ reduced NO levels to 54.41 ± 1.2, 47.70 ± 1.2, and 37.43 ± 0.98 and MDA levels to 22.38 ± 0.17, 63.34 ± 3.89, and 66.76 ± 9.1, respectively.”

“Our data show that both AGE and FruArg can significantly inhibit LPS-induced nitric oxide ( NO ) production in BV-2 cells.”