Possible Interaction: Nitric Oxide and Apigenin

“In addition, the production of nitric oxide was markedly elevated by apigenin co-treatment from 7.10 ± 3.95% to 94.20 ± 21.86%.”

“ Apigenin (100 … inhibited nitric oxide (NO) production, cytokine expression (interleukin (IL)-1β, IL6, cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, and inducible nitric oxide synthase [iNOS]), and phosphorylation of mitogen-activated … kinase (MAPK) signal molecules, including extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase (JNK) in RAW264.7 cells.”

“Importantly, apigenin and naringenin significantly increased NO production in endothelial cells subjected to high glucose challenge.”

“ Apigenin inhibited the collagenase activity involved in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and suppressed lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide ( NO ) production in a dose dependent manner in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells.”

“ Apigenin significantly inhibited the LPS-induced expression of iNOS, COX-2, expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α), and AP-1 proteins (c-Jun, c-Fos, and JunB) including nitric oxide production.”

“ API … nitric oxide (NO), nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2), which were induced by the treatment of HepG2 cells with 1 µg/ml … system, and this activation may be responsible for their antiinflammatory effects, as demonstrated by the suppression of LPS‐induced NO, iNOS and cPLA2.”

“Also, Choi has documented that treatment with apigenin decreased the TNF-a-induced production of NO in osteoblasts suggesting that apigenin may be a new pharmacological tool for the treatment of osteoporosis.”

“ Apigenin significantly inhibited the nicotine- and LPS-induced production of NO , PGE2, IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-12, and the upregulation of iNOS and COX-2 in hPDL cells.”

“Prevention of all three NO , Ca2+, and KCa signaling) reversed the antiangiogenic effects of Api under both basal and basic fibroblast growth factor‐induced culture conditions.”

“The immunomodulating effects of apigenin were also characterized by a change in the inflammatory profile as evidenced by a significant decrease in interleukin-10 and tumor necrosis factor production and increased nitric oxide levels.”