Possible Interaction: Melatonin and Nitric Oxide

“After treatment with melatonin the concentration of nitric oxide metabolites in gastric juice in both groups decreased and were 8.21 +/- 1.83 microM in patients with Epigastric Pain Syndrome and 6.93 +/- 1.61 microM in patients with Postprandial Disorders Syndrome.”

“After treatment with melatonin the concentration of nitric oxide metabolites in gastric juice in both groups decreased--in patients with Epigastric Pain Syndrome as well as in patients with Postprandial Disorders Syndrome.”

“ Melatonin can stimulate the release of proinflammatory cytokines and other mediators, … different conditions, it can suppress inflammation-promoting processes such as NO release, activation of cyclooxygenase-2, inflammasome NLRP3, gasdermin D, toll-like receptor-4 and …, and cytokine release by SASP (senescence-associated secretory phenotype), and amyloid-β toxicity.”

“Moreover, melatonin plays a critical role in maintaining the bioavailability of nitric oxide (believe to decrease in hypertension) by acting on melatonin receptor MT2, thus promoting endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation in the mesenteric arteries (MAs) of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) [9].”

“ Melatonin markedly inhibited hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)‐stimulated cytotoxicity, iNOS, and COX‐2 protein and mRNA expression, as well as the downstream products, NO and PGE2.”

“ Melatonin affords protection to the BBB in hypoxic conditions by suppressing the production of vascular endothelial growth factor and nitric oxide which are known to increase vascular permeability.”

“ NO production increases only after administration of melatonin.”

“ Melatonin can, via its scavenging and antioxidant nature, improve endothelial function with increased availability of nitric oxide exerting vasodilatory and hypotensive effects.”

“Antioxidants, such as melatonin , vitamin C, and vitamin E, probably play important roles in reducing or eliminating the oxidant damage produced by NO.”

“Additionally, melatonin reportedly reacts with nitric oxide (NO), the peroxynitrite anion (ONOO-) and/or peroxynitrous acid (ONOOH) to detoxify them.”

“Antioxidants, such as melatonin , vitamin C, and vitamin E, probably play an important acute and chronic role in reducing or eliminating the oxidant damage produced by NO.”