Possible Interaction: Manganese and Nitric Oxide

“During pathological conditions, such as manganese intoxication, NO production is increased, leading to an increase in LHRH secretion that can advance puberty.”

“After cells were treated with 400 μM Mn for 24 h, there were significant increases in production of NO , inducible NO synthase (iNOS) activity, the mRNA and protein expressions of iNOS.”

“These data indicate that the lower concentration of Mn could cause lower arginase activity and this could also upregulate NO production by increasingl-arginine content in patients with childhood asthma.”

“ Mn had a dose- and time-dependent effect on NO content and iNOS activity.”

“ Mn exposure also increased the levels of MDA, NO , NOS, DPC, and protein carbonyl; the number of apoptotic cells; and the Mn content and caused obvious histopathological changes in the testes.”

“Exposure to Mn significantly elevated the content of NO and the expression of iNOS mRNA.”

“These data indicate that near‐physiological concentrations of Mn potentiate cytokine‐induced expression of NOS2 and production of NO in astrocytes via activation of sGC, which promotes ERK‐dependent enhancement of NF‐κB signaling.”

“Pretreatment with nitric oxide blocker (7-nitroindazole, 7-NI), vitamin E or NF-kappaB inhibitor (SN50) significantly protected the cells from Mn and DA interaction-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis.”

“We previously reported that Mn enhances production of NO in activated astrocytes that promotes apoptosis in cocultured neuronal cells by a mechanism involving the transcription factor nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) (Liu et al., 2005 ).”

“Although microglial cytotoxic mediator-induced neurotoxicity is suggested, the mechanism by which manganese up-regulates cytotoxic mediator, such as nitric oxide (NO), remains poorly understood.”