Possible Interaction: Linoleic Acid and Nitric Oxide

“ No ' protective' effect of linoleic , linolenic or eicosapentaenoic acid was demonstrable.”

“In BV-2 mouse microglia activated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), exposure to LA reduced NO secretion and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) levels, whereas exposure to ALA reduced NO without a corresponding reduction of iNOS.”

“ Linoleic acid reduced nitric oxide production and down regulated the expression of neuroinflammatory iNOS and COX2 genes in BV2 cells.”

“This leads to the conclusion that linoleic acid from A. brasiliensis could reduce NO production and inflammatory activity in RAW 264.7 cells by the inhibition of p50 and via the activation of PPARα.”

“This study found that linoleic acid isolated from A. brasiliensis inhibited NO production and suppressed the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines including TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and NOS2 in RAW 264.7 cells.”

“Only LA increased the cellular nitric oxide levels in a calcium-dependent manner.”

“However, effect of LA on EDRF production remains controversial.”

“ LA at 0.1-5 μmol/L attenuated bradykinin (BK)-induced NO and PGI2 production while suppressing the BK-induced Ca(2+) response dose-dependently.”

“ LA exposure increased intracellular calcium, nitric oxide , and tetrahydrodiopterin levels as well as the expression of E-selectin.”

“ NO reduced the O2 consumption during the radical initiator-induced oxidation of linoleic acid in an aqueous medium.”

“The results showed that the treatment with 10 microL/L NO significantly increased the contents of the palmitoleic (16:1), oleic (18:1), and linolenic (18:3) acid in phospholipid (PL), while it decreased the contents of linoleic (18:2) acid in PL.”

“Incubation of J774.2 cells with linoleic acid significantly increased TNFα and nitric oxide production; arachidonic acid enhanced TNFα production but reduced nitric oxide production.”