Possible Interaction: Levocarnitine and Palmitate

“ L-carnitine , as little as 25nM, greatly increased oxidation of palmitate by carnitine-depleted cultured human skin fibroblasts from normal subjects, and from two patients with muscle carnitine deficiency.”

“Moreover, PA (but not OL) raised the concentrations of acyl-carnitines in the heart, a phenomenon that perhaps is linked to its cardiotoxicity.”

“It has been postulated that L-carnitine may attenuate palmitate (C16:0)-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes.”

“Increasing mitochondrial uptake of palmitate with l-carnitine decreased apoptosis, while decreasing uptake with the carnitine palmitoyl transferase-1 inhibitor perhexiline nearly doubled palmitate-induced apoptosis.”

“ L-carnitine (5 mM) increased palmitate oxidation by 37%.”

“ L-carnitine increased palmitate oxidation in a time- and concentration-dependent manner in myocytes.”

“The effect of palmitate is strongly diminished by L-carnitine.”

“Addition of fatty acid-binding protein to an assay system oxidizing palmitate in presence of L-carnitine alters the pattern of the kinetics in the Hill plot so that an apparently lower level of L-carnitine is necessary for the reaction course of beta-degradation.”

“ L-Carnitine increased oxidation of palmitate to CO2 by more than twofold and oxidation to acid-soluble products by about fourfold.”

“Carnitine stimulated palmitate oxidation; 2 mM dl-carnitine produced maximal stimulation of palmitate oxidation to both CO2 and acid-soluble metabolites.”