“At the cellular level, in the spleen, LEVA increased immunoreactivity of CD4 and CD8, whereas co‑administration of GO with LEVA decreased this strong expression.”
“Co‑administration of GO with LEVA inhibited LEVA‑induced upregulation of IL‑4 and GO‑induced upregulation of IL‑12 expression, and had an additive upregulatory effect on IL‑5 expression.”
“Co‑administration of GO with LEVA inhibited the LEVA‑induced upregulation of IL‑2, IL‑4 and IL‑5 mRNA expression.”
“In conclusion, LEVA stimulated T‑helper (Th)1 cytokines, whereas GO stimulated a Th2 response, and co‑administration of GO with LEVA inhibited the stimulatory effects of LEVA and balanced the Th1/Th2 response.”