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“Interestingly, mRNA expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-10 , which was increased by LPS treatment, was further enhanced (p < 0.05) by leucine pretreatment.”
“High doses of leucine enhanced GM-CSF and IL-10 secretion, while concentrations of threonine in the cell culture media greater than blood concentration also increased GM-CSF and additionally TNF-α secretion of the cells.”