Possible Interaction: Interferon-Alpha and Sphingosine 1-Phosphate

“A combination of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and interferon gamma IFN‐γ ) strongly decreased S1P production that resulted in abnormal lysosome enlargement and cell death associated with mitochondrial dysfunction of glioma cells only.”

“ S1P decreased CD4 T cell generation of IFN-γ and IL-4, without affecting IL-2.”

“ S1P then evoked chemotaxis, inhibited chemotaxis to CCL-5 and CCL-21, and suppressed Ag-stimulated proliferation and IFN-γ production.”

“ S1P significantly reduced the release of IL-17A and IFN-γ from NK cells, but this inhibition was S1P1-independent.”

“ S1P enhanced proliferation and IFN-γ production by CD4+ T cells.”

“The enhancing effect of S1P on IFN-γ production by CD4+ T cells was stronger in patients with primary SS than in healthy controls.”

“Here, we report that sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P)-S1PR1 signaling in plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) directly inhibits IFN-α autoamplification by induced degradation of the interferon alpha receptor 1 (IFNAR1) receptor and suppression of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) signaling.”

“ IFN-α , generated by plasmacytoid dendritic cells, induced the expression of CD69 and suppressed the sphingosine-1-phosphate-induced chemotactic response, promoting FO-oriented Ag transport by MZ-P B cells.”

“As for IL-23 enhancement of Th17 cell development, that by S1P was prevented by IL-4 plus IFN-γ and by IL-27.”

“Secretion of IL‐4 by S1P4‐D10G4.1 cells, IL‐2 by S1P4‐EL4.IL‐2, and IFN‐γ by FTY720‐treated CD4 T cells were significantly inhibited by S1P.”