Possible Interaction: Interferon-Alpha and Iron, Dietary

“ Iron loading inhibited hepcidin mRNA expression induced by IFN‐γ and M. avium, and iron chelation increased hepcidin mRNA expression.”

“Collectively, IFN-γ significantly inhibits pathogen-associated intracellular iron sequestration in macrophages and consequently retards the growth of intracellular bacterial pathogens by decreasing iron availability.”

“We hypothesize that IFN-γ decreases iron availability to intracellular pathogens consequently limiting replication in these cells.”

“Gamma interferon IFN-γ ) reduced MDM Fe uptake from each chelate by ∼50% and augmented the M. tuberculosis-induced decrease in MDM Fe uptake from exogenous TF, but not from LF or citrate.”

“ IFN-γ minimally decreased intracellular M. tuberculosis Fe acquisition from exogenous Fe-TF but significantly increased Fe uptake from LF and citrate.”

“Moreover, IFN-γ induced the association of Fer and Stat3 and the newly formed complex was most stable at the down-regulated states of the two proteins.”

“The action cross section for induction of hprt-deficient mutants by energetic Fe ions is more than 10-fold lower for lymphoblastoid cells than for fibroblasts.”

“Using the human monocytic cell line, THP-1, we found that heme, Zn-mesoporphyrin, Zn-deuteroporphyrin, Co-protoporphyrin, and iron reduced the efficiency of the IFN-γ signal.”

“As the activity of IFN‐γ is modulated by iron and since a sufficient availability of iron is essential for the growth of pathogens, we investigated the regulatory effects of IFN‐γ on iron homeostasis and immune function in murine macrophages infected with Salmonella typhimurium.”

“ Iron also down‐regulated NO production and increased the viability of L929 fibrosarcoma cells stimulated with IFN‐γ + LPS in the absence of macrophages.”

“We found that macrophage‐activating cytokines, including TNF‐α, IFN‐γ , IL‐1α, and GM‐CSF, when added prior to M. avium, increased the transport of iron into the phagosome.”