“The results from Western blotting in diabetic rats show that the upregulation of TJ‐associated proteins occludin, and zonula occludens (ZO)‐1 caused by the combination of insulin and idebenone is more remarkable than that with either agent alone.”
“The results from transmission electron microscopy show that the combination of insulin and idebenone significantly closed the tight junction (TJ) in diabetic rats.”
“These results suggest that the combination of insulin and idebenone could decrease the BBB permeability in diabetic rats by upregulating the expression of occludin, claudin‐5, and ZO‐1 and that the ROS/AGE/RAGE/NF‐κB signal pathway might be involved in the process.”