Possible Interaction: Hydrogen Peroxide and Niacin

“In NaPRT-expressing Hep3B cells, H2O2-induced cell death was attenuated by NA, whereas in NaPRT-lost HepG2 cells, only NaMN conferred protective effect, suggesting that NA metabolism is required for its protective action against H2O2.”

“Using NIC to inhibit PARP activity, we show that treatment of cells with NIC before the addition of H2O2 (0.5-1 mm), results in rapid cell death (90 min).”

“In the current studies, inhibition of …) polymerase by 3-aminobenzamide, nicotinamide , or theophylline in cells … lethal concentrations of H2O2 prevented the sequence of events that eventually led to cell lysis--i.e., the decrease …, followed by depletion of ATP, influx of extracellular Ca2+, actin polymerization and, finally, cell death.”

“A 2-minute exposure to 100 micromol/L H2O2 decreased intracellular ATP levels by approximately 40%; this was prevented by 3-aminobenzamide and nicotinamide (1 mmol/L each), inhibitors of the DNA repair enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase.”

“Both 3-aminobenzamide and nicotinamide significantly inhibited the hydrogen peroxide-induced intracellular acidification and the effect of hydrogen peroxide on recovery from an intracellular acid load.”

“The PARS inhibitors 3‐aminobenzamide (3 …), 1,5‐dehydroxyisoquinoline (300 μM) or nicotinamide (3 mM) attenuated the cell injury and death as … as the increase in PARS activity caused by hydrogen peroxide (3 mM; 4 h for cell injury/death, 60 min for PARS activity) in human cardiac myoblasts.”

“In agreement, the number of MAP-2/TUNEL-positive cells/mm3 was increased by 1 mM H2O2 , both in CS (twofold) and AS (threefold) cultures, prevented by nicotinamide.”

“In neocortex, H2O2 increased the number of MAP-2/TUNEL-positive cells/mm3, both in CS and AS cultures (≈threefold), decreased by nicotinamide.”

“No TH labelling was observed in neostriatum, but 1 mM of H2O2 produced a strong increase in the number of MAP-2/TUNEL-positive cells/mm3, both in CS (>2.9-fold) and AS (>fourfold), decreased by nicotinamide.”

“Results: Cumulative doses of nicotinic acid produced a dose-dependent increase in the plasma levels of N1-methylnicotinamide and hydrogen peroxide , which was associated with a decrease in liver and skeletal muscle glycogen levels.”

“High concentration of NAm , 35 mmol/l, causes cytotoxic effect on the viability of pancreatic islet cells and increase of oxidative stress induced by STZ and H2O2.”

“It was revealed that NAm in concentration of 5 mmol/l not only had cytoprotective effects against STZ and H2O2 but also partially reduced the level of oxidative stress in the investigated cells induced by these compounds.”

“By in vitro studies, incubation with niacin in high-glucose medium reduced H2O2 production, cell apoptosis, and improved high glucose-suppressed EPC functions by nitric oxide-related mechanisms.”

“Following inhibition of the enzymatic repair system by different inhibitors—methoxyamine (MX), 3‐aminobenzamide (3AB) or nicotinamide (NIC)—DNA oxidative damage by H2O2 increased 2–5‐fold in both cell lines.”