Possible Interaction: Homocysteine and Melatonin

“In this review, we focus on all the possibilities of co-regulation of melatonin and Hcy at the level of their production and metabolism both in basal and in pathological conditions, and appraised the potential of melatonin in ameliorating homocysteinemia-induced cellular stresses.”

“Interestingly, melatonin administration potentially normalizes the elevated Hcy level, thereby protecting the cells from the undesired Hcy-induced excitotoxicity and cell death.”

“Through literature survey we have found an indistinct but a vital link between melatonin and Hcy i.e., the existence of reciprocal regulation between them, and this aspect has been thoroughly described herein.”

“ Melatonin reduced, in a concentration‐dependent manner, protein and lipid oxidation due to HCY in the brain homogenates.”

“Since melatonin is a well‐known antioxidant, which reduces oxidative stress and decreases HCY concentrations in plasma, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of melatonin in preventing HCY‐induced protein and lipid oxidation in rat brain homogenates.”

“ Melatonin decreases plasma Hcy levels while causing an increase in total glutathione (tGSH).”

“In addition, a direct correlation was found between the excretion of melatonin and homocysteine (r=0.43), as well as between melatonin and albumin excretion in the urine (r=0.20).”

“ Hcy increased the levels of LPO, and this effect was significantly attenuated by melatonin.”

“Homocysteine (HCY) could cause oxidative damage to the colon tissue in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients, melatonin (MLT) supplementation could reduce oxidative damage that caused by HCY in vitro and in vivo.”

“ MLT significantly suppressed the vasoconstrictive effect of HCY , probably by scavenging (*)OH arising from HCY autooxidation.”

“ Melatonin protects against the vasospastic effect of Hcy , most likely by scavenging ·OH arising from Hcy autooxidation.”

“ Melatonin significantly suppressed the vasospastic effect of Hcy in a concentration‐dependent manner.”

“At a much lower concentration than mannitol, MLT (1 to 100 microM) significantly reduced the contractile effect of Hcy and Fe(2+) in a concentration-dependent manner.”

“ MLT protects against the vasoconstrictive effect of Hcy , most likely by scavenging (*)OH arising from Hcy autooxidation.”

“ Melatonin administration significantly improved mitochondrial complex‐I activity and protected the SN neurons from the toxic insults of oxidative stress induced by Hcy.”