Antiproliferative action of menadione and 1,25(OH)2D3 on breast cancer cells

, calcitriol and the combined treatment decreased 

Effect of normobaric hyperoxia on antioxidant defenses of HeLa and CHO cells.

Glutathione levels of HeLa cells did not respond to hyperoxia whereas in CHO cells hyperoxia and

 exposure resulted in a 2- and 7-fold increase in 

The production of reactive oxygen species enhanced with the reduction of menadione by active thioredoxin reductase.

 and caused ROS production with less efficiency.

Cytotoxic Effect through Fas/APO-1 Expression due to Vitamin K in Human Glioma Cells

) inhibited production of intracellular ROI and antagonized inhibition of cell-growth induced by 

, but failed to antagonize that of VK2 and GGO.

Ascorbic acid blunts oxidant stress due to menadione in endothelial cells.

At concentrations of 100 microM and higher,

 and ascorbate, and ascorbate loading partially prevented the decrease in GSH due to menadione.

Regulation of γ‐glutamyltransferase in cisplatin‐resistant and ‐sensitive colon carcinoma cells after acute cisplatin and oxidative stress exposures

Addition of anti‐oxidants had different effects on the 2 inductions: N‐acetylcysteine blocked the induction of both cisplatin and menadione, whereas catalase and

Differential regulation of glutathione by oxidants and dexamethasone in alveolar epithelial cells.

 (100 microM), xanthine/xanthine … (10%) exposure produced increased 

 levels (240 +/- 6, 202 +/- 12, and 191 +/- 2 nmol/mg protein, respectively; P < 0.001) compared with the control level (… a significant increase in gamma-GCS activity (0.18 +/- 0.006, 0.16 +/- 0.01, and 0.17 +/- 0.

Caco-2 cell metabolism of oxygen-derived radicals

Modulation of glutathione level in cultured human melanoma cells.

 (3 X 10(-5) M) treatment decreased the cellular 

 concentration and also reduced cell number after a 24 h exposure.

Effects of glutathione depletion on the cytotoxicity of agents toward a human colonic tumour cell line.

For comparison we included three other cytotoxic agents, melphalan, helenalin and

, the toxicities of which are reported to be modulated by intracellular 

Exposure of Cultured Astrocytes to Menadione Triggers Rapid Radical Formation, Glutathione Oxidation and Mrp1-Mediated Export of Glutathione Disulfide

 rapidly depletes cultured astrocytes of 

 via ROS-induced oxidation to GSSG that is subsequently exported via Mrp1.

Glutathione maintenance mitigates age-related susceptibility to redox cycling agents

Lipid peroxidation was 2-fold higher, and

 declined by a 3-fold greater margin in old versus young rat cells given 300 µM 

 (p<0.05 and p≤0.01 respectively; N=3).

Antioxidant deficit in gills of Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) exposed to chlorodinitrobenzene increases menadione toxicity.

 and PSH loss and mortality in CDNB-pre-treated animals, showing a clear synergistic effect.

Multidrug-resistance-associated protein plays a protective role in menadione-induced oxidative stress in endothelial cells.

Dang-Gui Buxue Tang protects against oxidant injury by enhancing cellular glutathione in H9c2 cells: role of glutathione synthesis and regeneration.

 was found to correlate positively with the degree of cytoprotection against 

Combination of glycemic and oxidative stress in lens: Implications in augmentation of cataract formation in diabetes

Similarly, the galactosemic lenses were also more susceptible to

Novel Role of Vitamin K in Preventing Oxidative Injury to Developing Oligodendrocytes and Neurons

Although vitamin K is not a classical …, we report here the novel finding that

 and K2 (menaquinone-4) potently inhibit 

 depletion-mediated oxidative cell death in primary cultures of oligodendrocyte precursors and immature fetal cortical neurons with EC50 values of 30 nm and 2 nm, respectively.

The expression of gamma-glutamyltransferase in rat colon carcinoma cells is distinctly regulated during differentiation and oxidative stress.

The role of reactive oxygen species in adriamycin and menadione-induced glomerular toxicity.

Oxidative stress was assessed by measuring the intracellular level of reduced glutathione (…/NADP- ratio which stimulates the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP): (a)

 to 10-20% of controls, adriamycin (25-100 microM) had no effect; (b) … 6-fold, while adriamycin (125 microM) had only a 2-fold effect.

Menadione induces both necrosis and apoptosis in rat pancreatic acinar AR4-2J cells.

 (1 mM), the calcium chelator EGTA (500 microM), and the cysteine protease inhibitor NCO-700 (5 mM) partly inhibited the effect of 1-10 microM 

 on cell proliferation and DNA fragmentation.

Menadione-resistant Chinese hamster ovary cells have an increased capacity for glutathione synthesis.

 and CySH were 9.7- and 4.2-fold greater in MRc40 than in CHO-K1.

Menadione causes increases in the level of glutathione and in the activity of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase in cultured Chinese hamster V79 cells.

 also caused a concentration- and time-dependent increase in the activity of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase (gamma-GCS), a rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis of 

These results suggested that the increase in level of

 was due to the increase in the activity of gamma-GCS.

Menadione-induced DNA fragmentation without 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine formation in isolated rat hepatocytes.

 depletion and internucleosomal DNA fragmentation, which was demonstrated by a prominent fragmentation ladder on agarose gel electrophoresis.

Effect of oxidative stress and disruption of Ca2+ homeostasis on hepatocyte canalicular function in vitro.

 content was reduced to 52% of its control value by 100 microM 

gamma-Glutamyl transpeptidase is increased by oxidative stress in rat alveolar L2 epithelial cells.

 (50 microM) caused an initial decrease (27 +/- 9% of baseline after 15 min) in intracellular 

, followed by resynthesis to levels significantly higher than baseline (335 +/- 40% after 24 h, P < 0.001).

Exogenous glutathione protects endothelial cells from menadione toxicity.

The relative importance of glutathione and metallothionein on protection of hepatotoxicity of menadione in rats.

A dose-dependent decrease in cytosolic K and

 was observed concomitant with an increase in cytosolic Ca and LDH leakage after incubation with 

Modulation of thiol pools by vitamin K3 and its effect on survival of sensitive and resistant murine tumor cells

 (100 μM) reduced the intracellular levels of 

 by 40, 47, 6, 15 and 14% in P388/S, P388/ADR, EAT, S-180 and L1210 tumor cells, respectively.

 content by 18 and 38% and increased the activity of the enzyme GSH-S-transferase and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase.

Responses of antioxidants and lipid peroxidation in mussels to oxidative damage exposure.

Lipid peroxidation parameters and the status of free radical scavengers 

, vitamins A, E and C) were affected more by exposure to 

Menadione increases hepatic tight-junctional permeability. Its effect can be decreased by butylated hydroxytoluene and verapamil.

 exposure therefore increases tight-junctional permeability in the liver; this may involve a depletion of 

 and a subsequent increase in intracellular Ca2+.

Inhibition of cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase activity by menadione.

 (2 mM), but not DTT, is able to prevent and reverse the inhibition of Ca2+-ATPase by 

Formation of mixed disulfide of cystatin-beta in cultured macrophages treated with various oxidants.

All three compounds promoted production of superoxide anion and hydroperoxide, but only

 and S-thiolation of cystatin-beta induced by menadione.

Menadione-induced oxidative stress in hepatocytes isolated from fed and fasted rats: the role of NADPH-regenerating pathways.

 (100 and 200 microM) also caused a marked 

 depletion: 100 microM menadione caused no depletion and 200 and 300 microM menadione caused a 75 and 95% decrease, respectively.

Role of glutathione reductase during menadione-induced NADPH oxidation in isolated rat hepatocytes.

 produced a concentration-related depletion of 

 (measured as non-protein sulfhydryl content) which was potentiated markedly by BCNU.

Interaction of menadione (2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone) with glutathione.

 caused an oxygen uptake and both superoxide anion radical and hydrogen peroxide were produced during the reaction, the amount dependent on the GSH/menadione ratio.

) led to a removal of menadione and formation of menadione-GSH conjugate and glutathione disulfide (GSSG).

Modulation of cytotoxicity of menadione sodium bisulfite versus leukemia L1210 by the acid-soluble thiol pool.

, in concentrations greater than 27 microM, caused time- and concentration-dependent depletion of the acid-soluble thiol (

Alterations in intracellular thiol homeostasis during the metabolism of menadione by isolated rat hepatocytes.

) level by three different mechanisms: (a) Oxidation of GSH to glutathione disulfide (GSSG) accounted for 75% of the total GSH loss; (b) About 15% … by reductive treatment of cell protein with NaBH4, indicating that GSH-protein mixed disulfides were also formed as a result of menadione metabolism.

Hepatic low-level chemiluminescence during redox cycling of menadione and the menadione-glutathione conjugate: relation to glutathione and NAD(P)H:quinone reductase (DT-diaphorase) activity.

 depletion of the liver led to a lowering of chemiluminescence elicited by 

, whereas conversely the depletion of glutathione led to increased chemiluminescence levels when a hydroperoxide was added instead of the quinone.

Doxorubicin and menadione decrease cell proliferation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae by different mechanisms

 induced cell-cycle arrest in the G1 phase, decreased intracellular 

 and GSSG concentrations, dose-dependently increased expression of ribonucleotide reductase and the activity of Yap1 pathway.

Introducing glutathione biosynthetic capability into Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris NZ9000 improves the oxidative-stress resistance of the host.

 produced by strain NZ4504(pNZ3203) significantly shortens the lag phase of the host when grown aerobically, especially in the presence of 

 levels (240 ± 6, 202 ± 12, and 191 ± 2 nmol/mg protein, respectively; P < 0.001) compared with the control level (132 ± 8 nmol/mg ….08 ± 0.001 U/mg protein) at 24 h. Exposure to hyperoxia (95% O2) resulted in a time-dependent increase in GSH levels.

Menadione toxicity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells: Activation by conjugation with glutathione

 concentration in yeast cells, intracellular formation of menadione S‐glutathione conjugate and export of the conjugate from cells.

Microbes mediate mining metals.

Actions of 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone in Bacillus cereus.

, but not glutathione disulfide prevented the growth-inhibitory effect of 

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Possible Interaction: Glutathione and Vitamin K

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