Possible Interaction: Glutathione and S-Adenosylmethionine

“ SAMe therapy resulted in a significant increase of hepatic glutathione levels both in patients with alcoholic and in those with non-alcoholic liver diseases as compared with placebo-treated patients.”

“… SAM … ( GSH ) synthesis, stabilization of the DNA repair protein Apurinic/Apyrimidinic Endonuclease 1 (APEX1); (2) inhibition of c-myc, H-ras, and K-ras expression, prevention … PI3K/AKT expression and down-regulation of C/EBPα and UCA1 gene transcripts; (5) blocking LKB1/AMPK activation; (6) DNA and protein methylation.”

“Increased GSH production influences epigenetic processes including DNA and histone methylation by limiting the availability of S-adenosylmethionine , the cofactor utilized during epigenetic control of gene expression by DNA and histone methyltransferases.”

“Lipid peroxidation, transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) expression, and decreases in glutathione levels were prevented by AdoMet.”

“The intraplatelet concentration of glutathione also was increased by SAMe.”

“Concerning alcohol toxicity, SAMe prevents, in ethanol fed baboons, depletion of glutathione levels , normalizes the mitochondrial enzymes and improves the histological hepatic lesions.”

“ Total glutathione levels increased upon SAM treatment in HCV-replicon cells.”

“Moreover, treatment with SAMe or Cyn significantly increased GSH content, greater than 80 percent and 60 percent, respectively) and CAT activity greater than 60 and 150 percent, respectively) in resistant cancer cells, while ROS production was below the values of corresponding untreated control cells.”

“BACKGROUND S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) is the methyl donor for all methylation reactions and regulates the synthesis of glutathione , the main cellular antioxidant.”

“However, even without nutritional deficiency, enhanced need to synthesize glutathi-one GSH ) can impair synthesis of SAM and perturb DNA methylation, because the methylation cycle and the GSH synthesis pathways are biochemically linked.”