Possible Interaction: Glutamine and Hydrogen Peroxide

“ Hydrogen peroxide generated in the medium contributed to the cytotoxicity of PG, EGCG and Q to human prostate carcinoma DU-145 cells, since catalase increased the survival of the cells subjected to these compounds in vitro.”

“Moreover, the glutamine uptake and the glutaminase (GLS) were suppressed by H2O2 treatments.”

“In summary, the present study indicated that glutamine improved the repair activity in fish enterocytes after challenge with H2O2.”

“Dietary … glutamine reversed both the lower concentrations of protein and DNA in the muscle and …, as well as the reduced capacity of spreading and synthesizing nitric oxide, hydrogen peroxide , TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta and IL-6 in cultures … peritoneal macrophages obtained from the -GLN group (P<0.05).”

“ Glutamine and beta-hydroxybutyrate (5mM), alternative metabolites in synaptosomes, were able to decrease the loss of total and reduced glutathione induced by hydrogen peroxide.”

“Significant improvement of endothelial cell ATP levels and short-term viability was seen with addition of glutamine as late as 15 minutes after addition of H2O2.”

“Concentrations of glutamine as low as 50 microM produced significant improvement of ATP levels in endothelial cells exposed to 5 mM H2O2.”

“The presence of glutamine during H2O2 injury significantly enhanced ATP levels in the injured cells.”

“Also, H2O2 stimulation hindered cell invasion, migration and glutamine uptake in ARPE-19 cells.”

“Exposure to hydrogen peroxide forced the oxidation especially of proteins with active site cysteines, e.g. of cysteine‐based peroxidases and glutamine amidotransferase‐like proteins.”