Possible Interaction: Glucose and Sorbitol

“Increased flux of glucose through the polyol pathway with resultant resultant accumulation of tissue sorbitol is implicated in the pathogenesis of the chronic complications of diabetes.”

“ Sorbitol is better absorbed in the small intestine when ingested concomitantly with glucose.”

“The aim of our study was to test the hypothesis that the better absorption of sorbitol when ingested with glucose could be related to a delayed gastric emptying.”

“Similarly, the absorption of sorbitol is facilitated by glucose and L-alanine.”

“We hypothesize that the absorption of fructose and sorbitol may be stimulated by the increased water flux induced by active absorption of glucose as well as amino acids.”

“… glu�ose …� ellular sorbitol levels, whi�h, bei�g impermeable through biologi�al membra�es, a��umulates i�side the �ells a�d �auses osmoti� stress, whi�… a�d fou�d to be effe�tive i� treati�g diabeti� �ompli�atio�s i� experime�tal a�imals [7–9].”

“We propose that increased tissue glucose levels alter cytosolic coenzyme balance by increased flux of glucose through the sorbitol pathway increasing free cytosolic NADH levels.”

“In diabetes the increased flux of glucose through the polyol pathway results in the accumulation of sorbitol which is linked to the onset of various diabetic complications such as cataract formation, retinopathy, neuropathy and nephropathy (Kinoshita, 1974; Kador, 1988; Kinoshita et al., 1990; Kador et al., 1990).”

“These include an increase in nerve glucose , sorbitol, and fructose concentration as a result of an activation of the sorbitol pathway and a concomitant depletion in myo-inositol.”

“The fragmentation of protein by glucose is inhibitable by metal chelators such as diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DETAPAC) and free radical scavengers such as benzoic acid, and sorbitol.”

“Sorbitol accumulation is reduced by 114%, sorbitol turnover is reduced by 78%, sorbitol production is reduced by 90%, fructose accumulation is reduced by 60%, and fructose turnover is reduced by 76% in the presence of 36 mM glucose.”

“The importance of the rate of flux of glucose through the sorbitol pathway , rather than the absolute concentration of sorbitol or fructose, is stressed in considering the mechanisms underlying complications of diabetes mellitus.”