Possible Interaction: Glucose and Neuropeptide Y

“ Lowering glucose concentration activates 40% of NPY neurons.”

“In the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus, excitatory actions of glucose on anorexigenic POMC neurons in mice have been reported, while the appetite-promoting NPY neurons may be directly inhibited by glucose.”

“Hypothalamic appetite regulators neuropeptide Y NPY ) and pro‐opiomelanocortin (POMC) are modulated by glucose.”

“When challenged with 20 mM glucose , hypothalamic glucose transporter 1, monocarboxylate transporters, lactate dehydrogenase‐b, NPY and POMC mRNA expression were down‐regulated in offspring exposed to maternal obesity.”

“This increased excitation in response to glucose decreases would increase NPY-GI neuronal excitability and enhance NPY neurotransmission.”

“5 I.V. infusion of D‐glucose significantly elevated hypothalamic neuropeptide Y ( NPY ) concentrations.”

“Therefore, it is likely that hypothalamic NPY has acute effects on the metabolism of fuels, such as glucose.”

“SS-14 release was inhibited by NPY in the presence of 10 mM glucose.”

“With control rat islets, insulin release was increased 3-fold with NPY antiserum (P = 0.02) in the presence of 2.8 mM glucose and elevated 2-fold at 8 mM glucose (P < 0.001).”

“In contrast, NPY at 17 pmol/min reduced the plasma insulin response to both glucose (by 11%; p less than 0.001) and to arginine (by 26%; p less than 0.001).”

“These cardiovascular responses to NPY were accompanied by a significant reduction in function related glucose use in the area postrema (-29% from vehicle-injected controls), nucleus tractus solitarius (caudal portion -24%, rostral portion -19%), Kolliker-Fuse nucleus (-14%), inferior colliculus (-18%) and subfornical organ (-19%).”