Possible Interaction: Glucose and Hydrocortisone

“During the prandial glucose infusion, the integrated glycemic response above baseline was higher in the presence of hydrocortisone than during saline infusion (P < 0.05), implying a decrease in net glucose effectiveness (4.42 +/- 0.52 vs. 6.65 +/- 0.83 ml.kg-1.min-1; P < 0.05).”

“ Post‐glucose cortisol rose faster in the controls and was significantly higher than that in the TM women (P < 1 3 10−4).”

“However, there was a positive correlation between fasting serum glucose or the area under the glucose curve and the dose·kg−1 body weight of HC (r=0.748; r=0.462) and MP (r=0.708; r=0.736).”

“The results show that both absolute cortisol levels and net cortisol increase were greater in the glucose group in comparison to the other groups (F(3,33) = 3.00, P < 0.05 and F(3,33) = 3.08, P < 0.05, respectively.”

“… glucose infusion rates required to maintain euglycemia … than 0.01) after hydrocortisone due to decreased insulin effects on metabolic clearance rate of glucose and diminished suppression of hepatic glucose production (0.… -0.1 +/- 0.1 mg/kg X minute, p less than 0.05, 3-3H-glucose infusion method).”

“After full multivariable adjustment among participants with diabetes, each annual percent change increase in wake-up cortisol , total area under the curve (AUC), and overall decline slope was associated with a significant increase in FG over 6 years in all models (all p < 0.05).”

“An increase in the secretion of counterregulatory hormones (catecholamines, …, interleukin-6 and interleukin-1β (Figure 1).10 Cortisol … hepatic glucose production, stimulates protein catabolism and promotes gluconeogenesis, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels.11 Surging … in stress hormones leads to enhanced lipolysis and high free fatty acid (FFA) concentrations.”

“ Cortisol has been reported to reduce hippocampal glucose use in healthy elderly adults on the basis of examination of the brain glucose use (cerebral metabolic rate of glucose consumption) response to hydrocortisone (cortisol; de Leon et al., 1997).”

“Recently, it has been demonstrated that morning glucose ingestion stimulates pulsatile cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) secretion, thus elevating their mean concentrations.”

“Levels of cortisol correlated with higher fasting glucose and increased FFA.”