Possible Interaction: Glucose and Glutathione

“Thus, concentration of glucose cryoprotectant should be taken into account during development of NPs intended to release the drug as a function of GSH levels, due to the specific interactions of glucose with GSH.”

“ Glucose and glucosamine inhibited expression of Pax-3, a gene required for neural tube closure both in vivo and in vitro, and increased neural tube defects (NTDs) in vivo; these effects were prevented by GSH ethyl ester.”

“However, both glucose and glucosamine significantly decreased GSH , and increased oxidative stress, as indicated by 2',7'-dichloro-dihydrofluorescein fluorescence.”

“Following the ingestion of glucose plus fructose, lipoperoxides, catalase and reduced glutathione depletion were significantly higher than following consumption of glucose, for both endurance and strength exercise (P < 0.05).”

“Oxidation of erythrocyte Prx2 and GSH was less in the presence of glucose , probably because of recycling.”

“Furthermore, in the latter group studied by hyperglycemic clamps, glutathione infusion significantly potentiated the beta-cell response to glucose when plasma glucose levels varied between 10 and 15 mM. This effect disappeared at plasma glucose levels <15 mM. No effect of glutathione on insulin clearance and action was observed.”

“In this latter group, GSH infusion potentiated the beta-cell response to glucose slightly.”

“ Glucose added to the incubation medium of DDC-treated erythrocytes fully prevented glutathione depletion but not the oxidation of oxyhemoglobin to methemoglobin.”

“In addition, in the presence of glucose , enzyme activity and GSH content remain constant, but in its absence, enzyme activity and GSH levels fall, indicating the existance of an additional, metabolically linked protective mechanism.”

“The decrease of reduced glutathione level in normal and abnormal cells incubated at 37 C. for 24 hours without acetylphenylhydrazine was prevented by addition of glucose.”

“The glucose (27.7 mM) stimulated increase of cAMP was further augmented by GSH (0.4 mM) whereas GSH in the presence of 5.6 mM glucose had no such effect.”