Possible Interaction: Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid and Taurine

“During treatment, an increase in the extracellular amino acids alanine, glycine, glutamate, aspartate, serine, threonine, and taurine was found demonstrating a significant influence on the intracellular pool of free amino acids induced by DAB.”

“… taurine can improve cognition function through multiple … functions of taurine transporters and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) A receptors subunit; mitigating neuroinflammation; up-regulating Nrf2 expression and antioxidant capacities; activating Akt/CREB/PGC1α … biogenesis, synaptic function and reducing oxidative stress; increasing neurogenesis and synaptic function by pERK; activating PKA pathway).”

“Extracellular taurine inhibits neuronal firing through GABA and glycine receptors.”

“In conclusion, GABA mimetics inhibited taurine uptake in hyperosmotic rat renal SKPT cells.”

“The uptake rate of [(3)H]-taurine was Na(+) and Cl(-) and concentration dependent with taurine with an apparent Vmax …±1.6pmolcm(-2)min(-1) and a Km of 24.9±15.0μM. β-alanine, nipecotic acid, gaboxadol, GABA , vigabatrin, δ-… inhibited the taurine uptake rate in … dependent manner.”

“The known bimodal modulatory effect of taurine on GABAρ receptors was not observed; however, differences between the activation and deactivation rates were detected when they were perfused together with GABA.”

“The relationship between GABA and taurine concentrations suggests that whole camel milk may be more efficient to activate GABAρ1 receptors than goat milk.”

“Furthermore, most of the uptake of [3H]GABA by cultured rat hepatocytes was due to GAT2, and this uptake was inhibited by taurine.”

“In the presence of taurine, there was competitive inhibition with a Ki of 74 microM. [3H]Taurine also exhibited competitive inhibition with a Ki of 1.8 mM in the presence of GABA.”

“Co-application of GABA and taurine , revealed a taurine concentration-dependent biphasic-modulation of the receptor: at 0.3-30 microM taurine potentiated the GABA-currents, whereas at 0.3-30 mM the GABA-currents were reduced.”

“Replacement of cysteine-94, located in the conserved transmembrane domain II of GAT-4, to its TAUT counterpart serine, results only in a modest increase in the ability of taurine to inhibit GABA uptake.”