Disclaimer: The information contained herein should NOT be used as a substitute for the advice of an appropriately qualified and licensed physician or other health care provider. The tool is not a substitute for the care provided… (more)
“ Fluorides appear to mediate their actions through the MAPK signaling pathway and can lead to changes in gene expression, cell stress , and cell death.”
“In summary, this study proved that fluoride under certain dose can induce ER stress and promote Nrf2 nuclear import via PERK activation and suggested that antioxidation mechanism mediated by PERK-Nrf2 can alleviate fluoride-induced ER stress effectively.”
Human & experimental toxicology • 2019 | View Paper
“ Fluoride induces cell stress , including endoplasmic reticulum stress and oxidative stress, which leads to impairment of ameloblasts responsible for dental enamel formation.”