Possible Interaction: Fatty Acids, Omega-3 and Phospholipids

“The proportion of total n-3 fatty acids in the muscle phospholipids was approximately 2.5 times higher, with a 5 times higher proportion of eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3), in subjects supplemented with n-3 fatty acids than in those given placebo.”

“The extra amount of n-3 fatty acids consumed by the mothers resulted in higher contents of n-3 fatty acids, and of docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3) in particular, in the phospholipids of umbilical plasma and vessel walls.”

“RESULTS In the fish-oil group, n- fatty acids we re increased in ser um phospholipids (P < 0.001), the ratio of arachidonic acid to eicosapentaenoic acid decreased (P < 0.001), and the level of n-6 fatty acids decreased (P < 0.001).”

“The anti-inflammation properties of marine phospholipids enriched with n-3 fatty acids contribute to anti-inflammatory and inflammation-resolving mediators.”

“By partially replacing the corresponding omega-6 analogues in membrane phospholipids, omega-3 fatty acids have been shown to decrease the transcriptional activation of genes — e.g., adhesion molecules, chemoattractants, inflammatory cytokines — involved in endothelial activation in response to inflammatory and pro-atherogenic stimuli.”

“The concentration of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in plasma phospholipids was significantly higher among individuals supplemented with n-3 fatty acids after the supplementation period than before.”

“The mechanism may be due to a combination of effects consequent to incorporation of omega-3 fatty acids into vascular phospholipids , leading to reduced formation of endothelial contractile substances in larger vessels and impairment of sympathetic neuroeffector and other vasoconstrictor mechanisms in resistance vessels.”

“The balance of n-6 to n-3 fatty acid fed influences brain phospholipid fatty acid composition, phosphatidylethanolamine methyltransferase activity and rate of phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis via the CDP-choline pathway.”

“ Omega-3 fatty acids have anti-inflammatory properties and can alter central nervous system cell membrane fluidity and phospholipid composition.”

“The incorporation of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) into membrane phospholipids may diminish inflammatory potential in patients with gastrointestinal diseases.”