Possible Interaction: Ethanol and Chloroquine

“ Alcohol reduced autophagy flux in vivo in chloroquine‐treated mice as well as in vitro in hepatocytes and macrophages treated with bafilomycin A. Our results revealed that alcohol targets multiple steps in the autophagy pathway.”

“Introduction The use of antimalarial chloroquine in malaria-endemic regions of Africa is rampant and it is not uncommon to find individuals taken the drug concurrent with alcohol.”

“Group E indicated greater (p<0.05) PCV, Hb, and RBC compared with Group D. Greater (p<0.05) MCV and MCH, and lower …, Group D rats indicated greater (p<0.05) mean AST and ALT compared with Groups A, E, and F. Conclusions Concurrent administration of chloroquine … alcohol ….”

“Chloroquine and ethanol infusion at all doses significantly (p < 0.01) increased plasma chloroquine concentrations.”

“Concurrent chloroquine and ethanol (24μg/min−1) administration elevated plasma ethanol concentrations by 26% by comparison with that of ethanol alone at the same dose.”

“However, ethanols were measurable following co-infusion of chloroquine and ethanol at 6μg/min−1 (6±1 mg/dL−1).”

“Microscopic studies showed that concurrent chloroquine and ethanol administration induced extensive damage of the proximal tubule and collecting ducts cells.”

“We conclude that the impairment of renal electrolyte handling associated with chloroquine administration may be exacerbated by ethanol.”

“Thus, chloroquine prevents reconstitution of the malate-aspartate shuttle required for the movement of reducing equivalents into the mitochondrion during lactate gluconeogenesis, ethanol oxidation, and glycolysis.”

“ Chloroquine at pH 8.0 and 10 mM concentration inhibits about 30% glucose consumption and ethanol formation in yeast cells.”