Possible Interaction: Epirubicin and Calcium Supplement

“The present data suggest the potency of the calcium ion as an enhancer of ADM.”

“In erythrocytes labeled with [32P]orthophosphate 10 microM ADR induced a 1.5-fold increase in the phosphorylation of the Ca2+ pump and when combined with 1 microM PMA the phosphorylation was greatly enhanced (2.3 times that induced by PMA alone).”

“ Adriamycin , paradoxically, appeared to cause a fall in the levels of erythrocyte polyphosphoinositides, but prevented further breakdown induced by calcium loading.”

“The largest increase in the rate of fusion was observed when calcium ions were also present with adriamycin.”

“injections of adriamycin at doses of 2–30 mg/kg until a lethal haemodynamic shock occurred.3.“Low-dose-effects” were reversible within min, … 0.5 mEq/l after doses of 25 mg/kg adriamycin).5.An antagonistic interaction was seen between the cardio-depressant effect of adriamycin … calcium ….”

“Dox and epirubicin , which are considered the most cardiotoxic drugs of the anthracycline family, significantly increased the maximal calcium activated tension by 33% (n = 8, P < 0.01) and by 26% (n = 8, P < 0.01) respectively.”

“Addition of 1 mM calcium reduced fluorescence quenching by adriamycin maximally by approximately 90%.”

“Increasing calcium concentrations abolished the activating and most of the inhibitory effects of adriamycin with the above phospholipid substrates.”

“… adriamycin treated rabbits had a lower contraction … controls when maximally activated with calcium , at 11.1(0.9)% shortening (n = 11) v 13.6(0.5)% (n = 14), p less than … with isoprenaline, at 11.6(0.6)% shortening v 13.1(0.4)%, p less than 0.05.”

“It may be deduced that adriamycin shows its negative inotropic effect by inhibiting the entry of extracellular Ca++ into the myocardial cells and the release of Ca++ from intracellular stores.”

“A large single dose (15 mg/kg body wt, ip) of the antitumor agent adriamycin ADR ) caused a marked increase in calcium concentration of submaxillary gland of female mice, and a smaller increase in the parotid gland within 2 days of injection.”