Salivary alpha-amylase as a measure of endogenous adrenergic activity.

Aerobic exercise induced a 3-fold mean increase in alpha-amylase; both

) increased approximately 5-fold over control levels.

Spectral analysis of hemodynamics during infusions of epinephrine and norepinephrine in men.

 and norepinephrine induced plasma concentrations of epinephrine and 

, respectively, within the high physiological range.

[Influence of emotional stress and vasoconstrictor agents on heart rate and blood pressure].

 0.001% directs a rise of the heart rate and a drop of the diastolic blood pressure; after 

 0.005% the heart rate shows a decrease and at the same time there is an increase of the systolic and diastolic blood pressure.

Intraocular pressure increases with fenoldopam, but not nitroprusside, in hypertensive humans

 increased significantly relative to baseline (p less than 0.05) but were not different between groups.

[The endocrine stress-reaction to orotracheal intubation and topical anesthesia with lidocaine].

Vasopressors in Sepsis.

 and vasopressin are appropriate second-line vasopressors and may enable use of lower doses of 

Exercise training effects on elderly and middle-age patients with chronic heart failure after acute decompensation: A randomized, controlled trial.

 were significantly reduced in both trained groups.

Acute psychosocial stress induces differential short-term changes in catecholamine sensitivity of stimulated inflammatory cytokine production

 and NE induced dose-dependent suppression of TNF-alpha (

: F=77.66, p<.001; E: F=63.38, p<.001), and IL-6 production (NE: F=28.79, p<.001; E: F=24.66, p<.001).

Catecholamine Use is Associated With Enterocyte Damage in Critically Ill Patients

Critically ill patients receiving more than 0.48 γ kg min of

 at ICU admission have high I-FABP concentrations.

Decreased adrenomedullary function in infants with classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

 ratios were also significantly higher in CAH patients than controls (P = .01).

Catecholamine Dosing and Survival in Adult Intensive Care Unit Patients

ConclusionsSurvival of patients with prolonged therapy with

 above the evaluated thresholds is poor, whereas short-term application of high-dose catecholamines is not associated with poor outcome.

The effect of long‐term left ventricular assist device support on myocardial sympathetic activity in patients with non‐ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy

Linear regression analysis revealed a strong correlation between percentage changes in both

Acute stress responses in salivary alpha-amylase predict increases of plasma norepinephrine

Blood pressure in relation to neurogenic, inflammatory and endothelial dysfunction biomarkers in patients with treated essential arterial hypertension.

   RESULTS A positive correlation between

 concentrations was found (r=0.246, p=0.05), however such a statistically significant correlation neither to hs-CRP, nor ET-1 were found.

Characteristics of patients receiving vasopressors.

All 17 patients receiving more than 3.8 μg/kg/minute of

, and all 5 patients receiving more than 9.6 μg/kg/minute of 

Stress hormones and vascular function in firefighters during concurrent challenges

 demonstrated significant interaction effects with elevated levels during the FSC.

Catecholamine alterations in pediatric obstructive sleep apnea: Effect of obesity

 values and polysomnographic indices, but no effect of obesity on catecholamine levels.

Cortisol levels during the menopausal transition and early postmenopause: observations from the Seattle Midlife Women's Health Study

In addition, they were significantly and positively associated with

Pharmacokinetics of epinephrine in patients with septic shock: modelization and interaction with endogenous neurohormonal status

 plasma concentration significantly decreased during 

 infusion (median (range) 8.8 (1 – 56.7) at C0 vs. 4.5 (0.3 – 38.9) nmol/L at C1, P < 0.001).ConclusionsEpinephrine pharmacokinetics is linear in septic shock patients, without any saturation at high doses.

Differential Effects of Epinephrine, Norepinephrine, and Indole on Escherichia coli O157:H7 Chemotaxis, Colonization, and Gene Expression

Here, we report that, compared to indole,

 exert divergent effects on EHEC chemotaxis, motility, biofilm formation, gene expression, and colonization of HeLa cells.

Specificity of catecholamine-induced growth in Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella enterica and Yersinia enterocolitica.

 showed lower potency than norepinephrine and dopamine in inducing growth of E. coli and S. enterica, and was a potent antagonist of 

 and dopamine growth responsiveness in Y. enterocolitica.

Heart Rate Variation and Urinary Catecholamine Excretion in Response to Acute Psychological Stress in Hand‐Arm Vibration Syndrome Patients

 in the patients were significantly greater than the respective amount of the controls.

The wisdom of the body revisited: the adrenomedullary response to mild core hypothermia in humans.

In contrast, concurrently obtained arterial concentrations of both

Norepinephrine release in the human forearm: effects of epinephrine.

It has been postulated that delayed facilitation of

 is causally related to the development of hypertension.

 infusion previously shown systemically, and not seen locally in the forearm, suggests that the delayed facilitatory response to epinephrine may occur in other organs.

Effects of low-dose epinephrine infusion on cardiovascular and renal responses to water immersion in humans.

 infusion, which raised mean plasma epinephrine concentration 4.3-fold, slightly increased plasma 

 and renal norepinephrine excretion, markedly stimulated PRA (+66.7%), but decreased plasma aldosterone (-11.7%), and augmented renal sodium and volume excretion.

Time kinetics of the endocrine response to acute psychological stress.

Statistically significant cross-correlations could be observed between

 (r = 0.60, no time lag) and between E and PRL (r = 0.58, 10-min time lag) only.

[Effects of digoxin on ventricular arrhythmia in patients with heart failure: relations with the state of the sympathetic-adrenal system].

There was a direct relationship between the plasma levels of

 and the severity of ventricular arrhythmias, as well as between the changes in cumulative catecholamine levels and ventricular arrhythmias during digoxin therapy.

Dopamine receptors in human foetal brains: Characterization, regulation and ontogeny of [3H]spiperone binding sites in striatum

 inhibited the binding much less efficiently while mianserin at 10 microM and serotonin at 1 mM concentration did not inhibit the binding.

First‐line pharmacological treatment of hypertension

At the presynaptic level, beta-adrenergic stimulation by norepinephrine or

Nicotine and the central nervous system: biobehavioral effects of cigarette smoking.

 increase, and the bioavailability of dopamine is altered as well.

The effects of epinephrine and norepinephrine administered during local anesthesia on left ventricular diastolic function.

 activates left ventricular diastolic function and that 

Aspirin, prostaglandin E1 and Quin-2 AM-induced platelet dysfunction: restoration of function by noradrenalin.

In various disease states and clinical conditions the circulating levels of noradrenalin 

[Effects of small doses of noradrenaline on micro-hemodynamics in obliterating diseases of the arteries of the lower limbs].

Free and sulfoconjugated catecholamines in normotensive uremic patients: effects of hemodialysis.

Significant (p less than 0.0001 and p less than 0.0002) inverse correlations between

 and their sulfoconjugation degree were demonstrated only in predialysis.

In-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation during asystole. Therapeutic factors associated with 24-hour survival.

The results suggest that aggressive resuscitation efforts which include the addition of

 and lidocaine drips to the AHA-recommended regimen of 

 and atropine may substantially increase the number of 24-h survivors.

Stimulation of norepinephrine release by peripheral presynaptic beta-adrenoceptors.

, 0.1 ng.kg-1.min-1, it further increased to 23.0 +/- 4.1 pmol.min-1 (p less … decreased during addition of an effective beta-blocking dose of propranolol, 50 ng.kg-1.min-1 i.a.,

, 0.1 ng.kg-1.min-…, increased the net overflow of 

 from 0.3 +/- 1.0 to 5.4 +/- 1.8 pmol.min-1 (M +/- SEM, p less than ….05) and raised the calculated arterial plasma EPI concentration to 0.92 +/- 0.22 nmol.l-1.

Overnight clonidine suppression test in the diagnosis and exclusion of pheochromocytoma.

Four of these had equivocal plasma levels of both

, suggesting that overnight clonidine suppression may be of particular value when tumor secretion is intermittent or low.

[Neuronal and adrenomedullary catecholamine response to cardiopulmonary bypass: with special reference to comparative studies based on functional classification].

 (from 0.05 +/- 0.05 ng/ml to 0.62 +/- 0.48 ng/ml) and sixfold increase in 

 (from 0.21 +/- 0.18 ng/ml to 1.26 +/- 0.78 ng/ml) occurred from prebypass (stage 1) to stage 4.

Circadian and other variation in epinephrine and norepinephrine among several human populations, including healthy blinded and sighted subjects and patients with leprosy.

; in the blind subjects, both variables were characterized by noisier rhythms than in the sighted.

Effect of 5‐Hydroxytryptamine Blockade with Ketanserin on Myocardial Uptake of Epinephrine and Norepinephrine in Patients with Congestive Heart Failure

 concentration in the Ao and CS suggested a net overflow of norepinephrine in the CS.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Psychotic and nonpsychotic depressions: II. platelet MAO activity, plasma catecholamines, cortisol, and specific symptoms

Role of epinephrine in the development of essential hypertension.

 plasma levels and percentage increases with 

 percentage increases was observed after exercise in BH.

Age-related changes in venous catecholamines basally and during epinephrine infusion in man.

Plasma NE levels were elevated among the elderly men, but both age groups had an increase in

Increased catecholamine levels in cord venous plasma of distressed fetuses.

 in distressed fetuses (12.9) was thus higher than the ratio in normal fetuses (7.5).

Catecholamine‐associated refractory hypertension following acute intracranial hemorrhage: Control with propranolol

In each case, catecholamine excretion--measured by

--was markedly elevated, averaging 218 microgram/day.

[Adrenergic response to intense muscular activity in sedentary subjects as a function of emotivity and training].

Increments after exercise were higher for norepinephrine changes; however, the fact that

 concentrations correlated significantly with 

 suggests a simulataneous and coordinated stimulation of adrenal glands and orthosympathetic nervous system.

Familial pheochromocytoma, hypercalcemia, and von Hippel-Lindau disease. A ten year study of a large family.

 appear to be decreased with advancing age (p less than 0.001).

Identification of alpha-adrenergic receptors in human platelets by [3H]dihydroergocryptine binding.

Stereospecificity was demonstrated inasmuch as the (+)isomers of

 were 10-20-fold less potent than the (-)isomers.

The influence of respiratory and renal factors on cardiac activity during deep hypothermia.

 infused under the same conditions were much less effective than renin or angiotensin in maintaining the systemic circulation.

Inhibition of adrenal secretion of epinephrine during infusion of catecholamines.

 at a rate which produced an increase in blood pressure inhibited the output of 

Adrenal medullary secretion in hemorrhagic shock.

 and norepinenephrine in the adrenal vein blood.

A Rare Case Report of Extra-adrenal Pheochromocytoma with Normal Blood Pressure: Is that Possible?

The extra-adrenal tumor can secrete enough

A Case of Adrenergic Urticaria Associated with Vitiligo

Adrenergic urticaria is a rare form of urticaria, induced by a stress-induced concomitant release of

Elevated blood plasma levels of epinephrine, norepinephrine, tyrosine hydroxylase, TGFβ1, and TNFα associated with high-altitude pulmonary edema in an Indian population

Correlation analysis revealed a negative correlation between

 (P=4.6E-06) in HAPE-p and positive correlation in HAPE-c (P=0.004) and HLs (P=9.78E-07).

Norepinephrine supplemented with dobutamine or epinephrine for the cardiovascular support of patients with septic shock

 has positive effects on the cardiovascular parameters but negative results on the serum lactate concentration and systemic pH compared with the addition of dobutamine to norepinephrine.

Pulmonary embolism in intensive care unit: Predictive factors, clinical manifestations and outcome

Multivariate analysis showed that factors associated with a poor prognosis in ICU are the use of

Urinary catecholamine and metanephrine to creatinine ratios in healthy dogs at home and in a hospital environment and in 2 dogs with pheochromocytoma.

 at t0 were significantly higher compared with ratios at t7.

Effect of catecholamines on serum calcium and phosphorus levels in intact and parathyroidectomized rats

Calorigenic response of burned rats with adrenal medullectomies to catecholamines.

For groups housed at 28 degrees C and studied at 22 degrees C, iv administration of

 produced average decreases in He of 18%+/-6.7% for E and 10.75%+/-4.7% for NE.

Norepinephrine release in the amygdala after systemic injection of epinephrine or escapable footshock: contribution of the nucleus of the solitary tract.

 release that persisted for up to 60 min.

These findings indicate that systemic injection of

 in the amygdala and suggest that the effects are mediated in part by activation of brainstem neurons in the NTS that project to the amygdala.

The tocolytic effect of catecholamines in the gravid rat uterus.

 together decrease uterine contractile activity and that decreased epinephrine causes significantly increased uterine activity.

Effects of Estrous Cycle and of in vivo Unilateral or Bilateral Adrenal Demedullation on the Distribution of Norepinephrine and Epinephrine Between Different Zones of the Adrenal

DOSE‐DEPENDENT DIFFERENCES IN CATECHOLAMINE ACTION ON HEART AND PERIPHERY

 favored the peripheral pressor effect and placed the heart at an increasing disadvantage.

Iodide release from the thyroid as an acute response to epinephrine and norepinephrine.

Inorganic plasma I131 levels increased 60% or more in 5 of 6 dogs following

 administration and in one of 3 dogs receiving 

Excretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine in various emotional states.

The excretion rates of E and NE were studied after graded doses of

Blockade of responses to epinephrine and norepinephrine by dibenamine congeners.

  These studies have revealed that responses to

 are blocked at least as readily and completely as responses to 

How to prevent alcoholic liver disease.

[35S]GTPgammaS binding at the human dopamine D4 receptor variants hD4.2, hD4.4 and hD4.7 following stimulation by dopamine, epinephrine and norepinephrine.

 at the dopamine D4 receptor may indicate an important way of cross-reactivity among the different monoamine neurotransmitter systems.

Epinephrine activates both Gs and Gi pathways, but norepinephrine activates only the Gs pathway through human beta2-adrenoceptors overexpressed in mouse heart.

 concentrations (1-10 microM) antagonized the positive inotropic effects of 

 (10-100 microM) prevented the positive inotropic effects but hardly affected the negative inotropic effects of 

Epinephrine and the genesis of hypertension.

Although the weight of evidence (mostly indirect) indicates that

 in humans, the epinephrine hypothesis, itself, remains unproven.

Experimental data support four important concepts: 1) epinephrine … norepinephrine release from sympathetic nerve endings; 2)

 can be converted into a cotransmitter … augment the simultaneous discharge of 

; 3) exogenous epinephrine can induce sustained hypertension in rats; and 4) … to endogenous epinephrine in a genetic model of rat hypertension.

Effects of catecholamines on secretion of interferon tau and expression of genes for synthesis of polyamines and apoptosis by ovine trophectoderm†

However, expression of SLC7A1 decreased at high doses of

 and expression of ADC mRNA by oTr1 cells decreased in response to 20 and 40 ng/ml 

Low Intensity Epicardial Pacing During the Absolute Refractory Period Augments Left Ventricular Function Mediated by Local Catecholamine Release

   CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that ARP

 release mediating augmented global LV function.

Impact of epinephrine and norepinephrine on two dynamic indices in a porcine hemorrhagic shock model

   CONCLUSION The present study demonstrates that intravenous administrations of

 increase IVCF, whatever the volemic conditions are.

Betaine feeding prevents the blood alcohol cycle in rats fed alcohol continuously for 1 month using the rat intragastric tube feeding model.

Stress-related hormones in horses before and after stunning by captive bolt gun.

 decreased significantly (P<0.001) during the time considered for observation underlining a greater involvement of adrenal medulla in the stress response.

Cardiac epinephrine synthesis and ischemia-induced myocardial epinephrine release.

 levels to 734+/-125 and 2088+/-367 pg/ml respectively.

[Correlations between changes of the right and left atrial pressures and systemic hemodynamics parameters following catecholamines intravenous injections in cats].

In acute experiments on anesthetized cats, intravenous injection of

 caused different changes of right and left artrial pressures.

Release of norepinephrine from brain vesicular preparations: Effects of an adenylate cyclase activator, forskolin, and a phosphodiesterase inhibitor

Summary1.The calcium-dependent K+-evoked release of

 from guinea pig cerebral cortical vesicular preparations is inhibited by norepinephrine, clonidine, and 

The effects of intravenous epinephrine and norepinephrine on a conditioned response in the cat

The role of activation of the sympathetic nervous system in the central pressor action of calcitonin gene-related peptide in conscious rats

A canine study of immunotherapy in scorpion envenomation

Epinephrine in the Heart: Uptake and Release, but No Facilitation of Norepinephrine Release

BACKGROUND Several studies have suggested that

 from sympathetic nerve terminals through stimulation of presynaptic receptors, but evidence pertaining to this mechanism in the heart is scarce and conflicting.

Epinephrine, norepinephrine and dopamine infusions decrease propofol concentrations during continuous propofol infusion in an ovine model

All three drugs significantly reduced mean arterial propofol concentrations (95% CI, p<0.05):

 to 63% (27–99) and dopamine to 52.9% (18.5–87.3).

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Research Papers that Mention the Interaction