Possible Interaction: Epinephrine and Norepinephrine

“A positive correlation was also found between urinary noradrenaline and adrenaline levels and LAT1 gene expression in PHEO.”

“ Adrenaline and noradrenaline concentrations decreased preoperatively in the ketamine group (K) from 55 to 29 pg/ml and 166 to 39 pg/ml, respectively, and then increased to postoperative maxima of 193 or 315 pg/ml.”

“ Total body noradrenaline spillover increased by 30%, and total body adrenaline spillover increased by about 50%.”

“There were difficulties in estimating the absolute interstitial concentrations of adrenaline and noradrenaline which are discussed.”

“Aerobic exercise induced a 3-fold mean increase in alpha-amylase; both NE and epinephrine ( EP ) increased approximately 5-fold over control levels.”

“Infusion of epinephrine and norepinephrine induced plasma concentrations of epinephrine and norepinephrine , respectively, within the high physiological range.”

“Very large increases in epinephrine were achieved with administered 10 mg epinephrine and this resulted in high DHPG levels supporting the experimental belief that exogenously administered epinephrine induces myocardial release of nor-epinephrine.”

“An addition of epinephrine 0.001% directs a rise of the heart rate and a drop of the diastolic blood pressure; after norepinephrine 0.005% the heart rate shows a decrease and at the same time there is an increase of the systolic and diastolic blood pressure.”

“At rest and compared with placebo, infusion of adrenaline was associated with a small increase in arterial plasma noradrenaline from 211 +/- 29 pg/ml to 245 +/- 29 pg/ml (P less than 0.05).”

“Rates of urinary excretion of norepinephrine plus epinephrine increased significantly relative to baseline (p < 0.05) but were not different between groups.”