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“No change in hemodynamics was noted, but a significant increase in plasma norepinephrine and epinephrine levels (from 0.9 to 1.6 nmol/L and from 0.3 to 0.8 nmol/L, respectively; p < 0.05) was observed after meperidine administration.”
Journal of clinical anesthesia • 1999 | View Paper
“There was a trend towards lower mean total consumption of pethidine in the adrenaline group (231.5 mg; SD 140.5 mg) compared with the plain group (289.5 mg; SD 139.5 mg; p = 0.071).”
“The median duration of analgesia was longer in the adrenaline group (196 min; IQR 123–286) … with the plain group (96 min; IQR 43–113; p = 0.002) and plasma concentrations of pethidine in the first 30 min after injection were lower in the adrenaline group (p = 0.003).”
“We conclude that coadministration of epinephrine or clonidine with meperidine enhances the duration and degree of spinal anesthesia and that adding clonidine prolongs the duration of postoperative analgesia. (”
“Conclusions: Addition of meperidine or fentanyl to lidocaine and epinephrine solution increases the duration of postoperative analgesia in cesarean section.”