“The … of carvedilol decreased, depending on the stimulus used, in the following rank order of potency (in parentheses the respective mean inhibitory concentrations of carvedilol … propranolol are given in micromol/l): PMA (19 and 34) > thrombin (55 and 77) > Ca(2+)-ionophore A23187 (58 and 81) > epinephrine (86 … 118).”