Possible Interaction: Epinephrine and Bismuth Subsalicylate

“We conclude that the surgical stress and anesthetic reversal may seriously influence neuroendocrine responses and subsequently increase plasma epinephrine.”

“Application of this stress factor had no significant effect on adrenal content of NE, E or ASA but increased adrenal P and CS concentrations.”

“Moreover, epinephrine induces a skin stress response characterized by increased expression of G6PD, loricrin, and γH2AX biomarkers, and a decrease of OR expression.”

“We conclude that surgical stress can evoke an excessive rise of plasma adrenaline and noradrenaline and thus could impair allograft function.”

“The data suggest that the development of hyperglycemia during stress states may compensate for the inhibitory effect of EPI on B-cell function, thereby maintaining normal basal and stimulated insulin levels.”

“Unconjugated norepinephrine and epinephrine levels were significantly increased 15min after novel cage stress and epinephrine remained elevated after 30min, but did not show significant differences when comparing collection time, handling exposure, or specific collection technique.”

“In addition, adrenal cells were more responsive to ACTH in vitro after surgical stress.”

“ Surgical stress activated some secretion of epinephrine.”

“Previous experiments showed surgical stress to activate some secretion of epinephrine , also subjected to α2AR-auto-inhibition.”