Possible Interaction: Emodin and Nitric Oxide

“Thereby, emodin modulates macrophage phagocytosis, migration, and NO production.”

“In addition, emodin significantly reduced ConA-induced nitric oxide ( NO ) production and the formation/release of TH1 (IL-2, IFNγ, TNFα) and TH17 (IL-6 and IL-17) cell cytokines, but induced those of TH2 (IL-4) and Treg (IL-10) cells.”

“ Aloe-emodin resulted in significant activation of nitric oxide production.”

“On the other hand, inhibition effects on NO production from RAW 264.7 cells were enhanced and cytotoxic effects decreased by co-treatment with emodin and rhein.”

“Simultaneously, emodin downregulated H2O2-induced inflammatory factors, including IL-6, NO , and TNF-α, and alleviated H2O2-induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in SH-SY5Y cells.”

“Results: Emodin restored the cell … to 50 μM. Emodin … nitric oxide , IL-1α, IL-Ιβ, IL-6, GM-CSF, G-CSF, M-CSF, MCP-1, MIP-1a, MIP-Ιβ, MIP-… of signal transducer and activated transcription 1 (STAT1) in poly I:C-induced RAW 264.7 (P < 0.05).”

“Moreover, emodin decreased dramatically the LPS-induced production of NO and PGE2 as well as the protein expression and promoter activity of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2).”

“RESULTS Al e-emodin ma rkedly suppressed the production of NO, i nterleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells with no apparent cytotoxicity.”

“Our results demonstrated that aloe-emodin dose-dependently inhibited inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA expression and nitric oxide (NO) production at 5–40 μM. In addition, the levels of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) mRNA and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production were suppressed by 40 μM aloe-emodin.”

“ Emodin markedly decreased the expression of PCNA in VSMC, increased NO , NOS and iNOS levels, and increased iNOS mRNA expression in VSMC.”