Possible Interaction: Eicosapentaenoic Acid and Valproic Acid

“ DPA supplementation also significantly increased the proportions of EPA in TAG (by 3.1-fold, day 4) and cholesterol ester (CE) fractions (by 2.0-fold, day 7) and of DHA in TAG fraction (by 3.1-fold, day 4).”

“ EPA significantly increased platelet EPA (0.2±0.1 vs. 3.3±0.4%) and docosapentaenoic acid ( DPA ; 2.2±0.3 vs. 2.9±0.3%) concentrations, but not DHA.”

“There was a positive association between age and EPA in PC, CE and TAG, DPA in NEFA and CE, and DHA in PC and CE (P≤0·034).”

“At the conclusion of the study (day 9), it was found that liver DPA, EPA and total n-3 LC-PUFA levels were significantly increased by both DPA and EPA feeding compared with the olive oil fed control group.”

“Further, the retro-conversion of n-3 DPA led to a greater increase of EPA in the phospholipid fraction than in the neutral lipid fraction.”

“The data open a new area of investigation, which is how EPA 's conversion to DPA substantially moderates its influence on membrane properties.”

“The addition of EPA to the diet resulted in a substantial increase in the efficiency of DPA retention; the inclusion of ARA had the opposite effect.”

“Additionally, in a mouse PTZ convulsion model, EPA markedly augmented the anticonvulsant effects of VPA far beyond their single responses.”

“Because hepatotoxicity is a prominent adverse drug reaction, we currently attempted a new approach in which EPA was challenged to both alleviate hepatotoxicity and provide synergy with anticonvulsant effects of valproate (VPA).”

“Besides, we verified whether EPA may kinetically modulate the clearance rate of VPA.”

“… EPA (20:5n-3) … higher in the DPA group and most pronounced in the kidney (5.1 times higher in the TL as compared to controls) relative to liver … an estimated apparent % conversion of DPA to EPA of 67% and EPA:DPA ratios reaching 5.74 in kidney phosphatidylethanolamine.”

“The effect of DPA was stronger than those of EPA and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6, n-3).”