Possible Interaction: Eicosapentaenoic Acid and Linoleic Acid

“Melatonin and eicosapentaenoic and 10t,12c-conjugated linoleic acids suppress the growth-stimulating effects of linoleic acid (LA) and its metabolism to the mitogenic agent 13-(S)-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-(S)-HODE) in established rodent tumors and human cancer xenografts.”

“The following biological effects of lipid peroxidation were found: a) the lipid peroxidation induced by ascorbic acid and Fe2+ affects … membrane transport in the kidney cortex and the cyclooxygenase activity in the kidney medulla, and b) the hydroperoxy adducts of linoleic acid … eicosapentaenoic acid inhibit the cyclooxygenase … in platelets.”

“Mixtures of linoleic and docosahexaenoic or eicosapentaenoic acids also inhibited the mitogenic response to phytohemagglutinin.”

“2) High intakes of LA competitively interfere with the endogenous conversion of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) to EPA and DHA. (”

“In conclusion, high LA intakes decrease plasma phospholipid EPA and increase the ARA:EPA ratio, but do not favor higher ARA.”

“The divergent distribution profiles of LA and EPA within the phospholipid compartment provides some insight into the mechanisms of their opposing effects on MDA-MB-435 cell growth and invasiveness.”

“Dietary arachidonic acid (AA) and LA increase the risk for cardiovascular disease in those with the variants, whereas dietary intake of eicosapentaenoic acid ( EPA ) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) decrease the risk.”

“Dietary fish oil supplementation might therefore be considered in patients at particular risk for ESLD, because eicosapentaenoic acid inhibits production of AA from LA and yields fewer proinflammatory eicosanoids.”

“The inhibition rates of cholesterol esterification by EPA were higher than those by linoleic acid in HDL3.”

“There were progressive inverse relations between adipose linoleic acid and platelet-membrane eicosapentaenoic acid and the estimated relative risk of AP.”