Possible Interaction: Eicosapentaenoic Acid and Dinoprostone

“Mechanistic studies largely in preclinical models suggest EPA and DHA reduce synthesis of prostaglandin E2 and other inflammatory cytokines, decrease aromatase activity and proliferation, promote differentiation and apoptosis, and enhance insulin sensitivity.”

“In addition, expression of p-gp is induced by PGE2, and EPA inhibits the synthesis of PGE2.”

“Linoleic acid is a precursor of arachidonic acid, which can be converted to prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), whereas eicosapentaenoic acid inhibits the formation of PGE2.”

“ PGE2 synthesis was reduced when cells were incubated overnight with 5 microM eicosapentaenoic acid.”

“Like the endothelial cultures, intact mouse brain microvessels convert EPA into eicosanoids, and incubation with EPA reduces the subsequent capacity of the microvessels to produce PGI2 and PGE2.”

“Both GLA and EPA caused a marked decrease in the synthesis of prostaglandins E2 and F2 alpha (P < 0.001) but under the experimental conditions used, there was no consistent effect on arachidonic acid uptake.”

“In fact in studies using human platelets, it has been observed that EPA curtails thromboxane formation but PGE2 is also completely suppressed.”

“ Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) had no impact on gene transcription in this study, but reduced the cell secretion of PGE2.”

“The combined effect of AA + EPA resulted in up-regulation of eicosanoid pathway genes and the pro-inflammatory cytokine, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), Bclx (an inducer of apoptosis) and fatty acid translocase (CD36) as well as increased cell secretion of PGE2 into the media.”

“Decreased PGE2 production was produced by cells treated with relatively low doses of EPA or DHA.”

“Treatment of ScGT1 cells with DHA and EPA also increased activation of cytoplasmic phospholipase A2 and prostaglandin E2 production.”