Possible Interaction: Eicosapentaenoic Acid and Antioxidants

“ EPA and nutritional antioxidants may show complementary activities in a wide range of preventive and therapeutic applications.”

“Additionally, EPA treatment increased Nrf2 nuclear translocation and antioxidant response element activity, leading to the upregulation of HO-1 expression.”

“Both inhibition of the COX pathway by indomethacin as well as inhibition of direct lipid peroxidation by antioxidants such as vitamin E and C diminished the anti-proliferative effects of AA as well as EPA.”

“We observed that different antioxidants counteracted the necrotic effect of EPA on Raji cells to a different extent, and that vitamin E counteracted EPA-induced accumulation of superoxide anion in this cell line.”

“The action of EPA could be reversed with the anti-oxidant vitamin E acetate or with oleic acid.”

“On the other hand, the anti-oxidant , vitamin E, and the superoxide anion quencher, superoxide dismutase (SOD), could completely inhibit the cytotoxic action of GLA, EPA and DHA indicating a role for free radicals and, in particular, the superoxide anion in this process.”

“The addition of antioxidant condiments, and herbs in particular, may retard PUFA peroxidation and preserve EPA and DHA during pan-frying.”

“Since both EPA and its derivatives have been reported to enhance the antioxidant mechanism, the present study aimed at studying whether EPA could offer protection against TCDD-induced oxidative stress and nephrotoxicity in Wistar rats.”

“… osapentaenoic acid plus B3 had synergistic effects leading to decreased nitric oxide levels; the modulation of phosphoprotein levels, such as P-nuclear factor-[kappa] B p65 … protein kinase/Jun-amino-terminal kinase; the down-regulation of proinflammatory genes, such as interleukins, chemokines, transcription factors; and up-regulation of ant ioxidant genes. ”

“Lipoic-EPA was the best absorbed of the three compounds and its combination of anti-oxidant together with EPA lowered the calcium content of both the aortas and the kidneys.”