Possible Interaction: Eicosapentaenoic Acid and Alanine

“However, increasing dietary ALA or the direct Fads2 product, stearidonic acid (18:4n-3; SDA), increases tissue levels of eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3; EPA) and docosapentaenoic acid (22:5n-3; DPA), but not DHA.”

“Studies in normal healthy adults consuming western diets, which are rich in linoleic acid (LA), show that supplemental ALA raises EPA and DPA status in the blood and in breast milk.”

“The higher conversion of ALA to EPA (>10%) in examined study participants, suggests the importance of a moderate walnut consumption.”

“Intake of 3·6 g/d ALA over an 8-week period resulted in increased ALA and EPA , but not DHA, in serum phospholipids and erythrocytes.”

“ EPA increased 30 % above baseline (overall time effect, P = 0.019) and was correlated across time with ALA (r = 0.84, P = 0.02).”

“Incubation for 72 h with ALA + E2 specifically increased EPA (+34% in EtnGpl, P < 0.001) and DPA (+15%, P < 0.001) compared to ALA alone.”

“It was found that a combination of EPA + DCHA (6:4), DCHA and ALA caused significant reduction in synthesis of PGE2 (10.1-87.8%) and PGF2 alpha (14.0-54.6%) at the four dose levels studied.”

“Total fatty acids in blood, liver, epididymal fat pad, prostate were detected and … were adjusted for body weight (mg/25 g).ResultsWe found that dietary ALA triggered significant … ALA, EPA , docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) and DHA levels and a significant decrease … arachidonic acid levels during the mice’s growth stage.”

“ω3 fatty acids reduce IR, ALA halts lipid accumulation whereas DHA and EPA only blunt it.”

“Also, ALA supplementation increased DHA concentrations but induced different physiological responses to EPA and DHA.”