Possible Interaction: Doxorubicin Hydrochloride and Grape Seed Extract

“Based on these results, several combinations of GSE (25–100 µg/ml) with Dox (10–75 nM) were next assessed for their synergistic, additive and/or antagonistic efficacy towards cell growth inhibition and death.”

“ GSE plus Dox combination showed a very strong and significant G1 arrest in MDA-MB468 cells when compared with Dox alone, however, it was less than that observed with GSE alone.”

“In both MCF-7 and MDA-MB468 cells, a combination of 100 µg/ml GSE with 25–75 nM Dox treatment for 48 h showed a strong synergistic effect [combination index (CI) < 0.5] in cell growth inhibition, but mostly an additive effect (CI ∼ 1) in cell death.”

“In cell-cycle progression studies, GSE plus Dox combination resulted in a moderate increase in G1 arrest in MCF-7 cells compared to each agent alone.”

“In quantitative apoptosis studies, GSE and Dox alone and in combination showed comparable apoptotic death of MCF-7 cells, however, a combination of the two was inhibitory to Dox induced apoptosis in MDA-MB468 cells.”

“This was further confirmed in another estrogen receptor-negative MDA-MB231 cell line, in which GSE and Dox combination strongly inhibited cell growth but did not show any increase in apoptotic cell death caused by Dox.”

“Treatment with GSSE counteracted almost all adverse effects induced by doxorubicin.”

“Pretreatment with GSE before treatment with DOX significantly protected the heart tissue by ameliorating its antioxidant activity.”

“Conclusion: Collectively, the results suggest that GSE is potentially protective against DOX-induced toxicity in rat heart and maybe increase therapeutic index of DOX in human cancer treatment.”